TS 1 - INDIGENOUS SLAVERY AND BLACK SLAVERY: CONNECTED AGENCIES IN COLONIAL SPACES
Patricia Mello, UFAM, Brazil
Isnara Pereira Ivo, UESB, Brazil
The slavery experience connected native and African populations for long periods of time and in different spaces of the America colonial world. More and more systematically, historiography has endeavored to delve into this universe of investigative possibilities to unravel the construction of racialized categories, trajectories, recruitment processes and shared experiences in daily work, the construction of solidarity networks and the redefinition of identities. The purpose of this table is to contribute to the deepening of this important debate.
TS 2 - INDIGENOUS AND INDIGENOUS POLICIES BETWEEN THE 16TH TO 18TH CENTURIES
Francisco Cancela, State University of Bahia, Brazil
Marcos Felipe Vicente SEDUC-CE and PPGH -UFF
Given the diversity of the original people of America, the different insertions of indigenous people and their reactions to Portuguese and Spanish colonizers, the attempts to apply general laws to all indigenous people were often circumvented. From the 16th to the 19th century, indigenous policies underwent changes and adaptations to meet indigenous demands and regional conditions. For this purpose, this research group intends to be a space for discussions and presentations of oral communications and posters that reveal the resignification of indigenous policies of European monarchies and the decisive influences of indigenous protagonism and its agencies, sometimes seeking, sometimes using the legal codes for their own interests according to their ethnicities.
TS 3 - RELIGIOUS MISSIONS AND INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN AMERICA: 16TH TO 21st CENTURY
Cristina Pompa, UFSP
Maria Adelina Amorin, CHAM-UNL
This working group intends to open a space to jointly build reflections on the presence of Christian religious missions among indigenous people in America from the 16th century to the present day. The process of insertion of religious missions among indigenous people began at the very moment of the conquest and colonization carried out by the Portuguese and Spaniards. The current situation in which this presence takes place is complex and involves a very heterogeneous group of Catholic and Evangelical missionaries. These, in turn, reproduce in the context of missions among the Indians their characteristics of relatively independent religious agents, multiplying in different churches and denominations, with the respective differences in their theology, way of acting, and converting. However, since the 16th century, indigenous people and their complex diversity have been building spaces for agencies in front of the missionaries and according to their ethnicity and contact histories.
TS 4 - EXPERIENCES OF INDIGENOUS SCHOOL EDUCATION IN AMERICA IN ITS DIFFERENT SCHOOL STAGES TO HIGHER EDUCATION
Edson Kayapó, IFBA
Bruno Ferrerira Kaingang, UFRGS
Arlete Maria Pinheiro Schubert, UFES
This work group aims to deal with indigenous school education in Brazil and, notably, in Latin America, and to think about the advances, setbacks that have guided education policies and practices in the context of ethnic diversity. Therefore, it is intended to open spaces for presentations of communications that allow contextualized discussions based on situations experienced in different countries of the American continent, considering the dynamism that the indigenous intercultural educational area of baric, secondary and higher education plays in different countries. Especially, reflect on the challenges implicit in debates about the training of indigenous people in higher education.
TS 5 - JUSTICE, INDIGENOUS RIGHTS AND HUMAN RIGHTS
André Augusto Salvador Bezerra, USP
Denise Tatiane Girardon dos Santos, UNICRUZ
Pedro Pachaguaia, Anthropology Association, Bolivia
Decolonial justice and indigenous rights and human rights focus their efforts on the defense and protection of so-called vulnerable groups, understood as the set of individuals that represent a certain segment of society, which, due to the historical oppression of other ethnic-social and political groups, need special legal protection to guarantee their inalienable rights. This concept includes indigenous people who for more than 500 years have suffered violations and exclusions in the face of foreign policies to their socio-cultural organizations. The resistance of indigenous people in claiming their rights at the international level came to an end on September 13, 2007, in New York: the General Assembly of the United Nations (UN) approved the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of People Indigenous people. The text, extremely advanced, reflects the set of current demands of indigenous people around the world regarding the improvement of their relations with national States and serves to establish minimum parameters for other international instruments and national laws. This thematic symposium will receive works that address the rights of indigenous people in all demands and aspects of native people, their struggles, achievements and violations from their historicities.
TS 6 - TEACHING INDIGENOUS THEMATIC AND THE 10 YEARS OF THE LAW No. 11. 645/20008: EXPERIENCES, DISCUSSIONS AND PROPOSALS
Neimar Machado de Sousa, UFGD
Wania Alexandrino, UFOPA
Law No. 11,645/2008 resulted from a set of mobilizations that caused changes and significant achievements of social rights in recent decades in Brazil. The aforementioned Law determined the teaching of indigenous history and cultures in Basic Education, also requiring changes in the approach to indigenous issues in teacher training institutions, including universities. The country has been experiencing another sociopolitical context, one marked by setbacks from the legal point of view and educational public policies. Ten years after the enactment of Law No. 11,645, it is necessary to evaluate the meanings and impacts on educational activities and pedagogical practices. Discussing issues such as images and discourses about the indians problematizing the initial and continuing education specific for teachers, the production and circulation of teaching aids, the collections available in school libraries, the participation of indigenous people in the processes of implementing the Law. This Work Group intends, therefore, to gather and discuss studies, ongoing or completed research, as well as presentations of experiences, in various areas of knowledge, at different levels of education, whether in public and/or private institutions on the teaching of indigenous themes.
TS 7 - AUTONOMIES, ETHNICITY AND NATION. INDIGENOUS MOVEMENTS IN LATIN AMERICA FROM THE 20TH CENTURY TO PRESENT DAYS.
João Gabriel da Silva Ascenso, PUC - RIO, Brasil
Fabíola Escarzoga, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana -Xochimilco, México
This Working Group aims to discuss the paths taken by Latin American indigenous movements from the 20th century onwards, when there is the emergence of new indigenous movements that demand free determination, elaborate new projects of autonomy and, consequently, new forms of belonging to the nation-state. If in the process of formation of Latin American States there was the mythical construction of the nation, today this idea of nation is contested by a process of reaffirmation of new identities that articulate renewed forms of sociability, decoloniality and belonging. This ST intends to discuss the indigenous issue in Contemporary Latin America, the relations and tensions that ethnicity imposes on the idea of nation and national identity, the various indigenous autonomic processes, as well as the broader discussion on autonomy in relation to the State and parties politicians. The WG intends, in a broad way, to analyze the anti-systemic movements.
TS 8 - INDIGENOUS CULTURAL HERITAGE: ARCHIVES, MUSEUMS AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES IN THE STRUCTURE OF MEMORIES
Ana Paula da Silva, Pro-Indian, UERJ
Emanuel Oliveira Braga, IPHAN, PB
Sandra Benites, National Museum, UFRJ
This thematic symposium aims to raise debates on weavings from different plots of institutions dedicated to the memory of Cultural Heritage and indigenous issues registered in Brazil and in different Latin American countries. In recent decades, strategic projects have emerged to think about indigenous heritage, as strategies for valuing memories, histories of native people. Initiatives of indigenous people themselves that have been having the collaboration of supranational programs and national bodies, universities, indigenous organizations, non-governmental organizations. The execution of cultural projects on indigenous issues always involves complex negotiations, but related and converging, and of interest mainly to the protagonists as well as non-indigenous academics and scholars of the universe of memory institutions (Archives and Museums) and issues.
TS 9 - ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY, PLANS, KNOWLEDGE, INDIGENOUS SPIRITUALITIES AND COSMOVISIONS: INTERDISCIPLINARY DIALOGUES IN THE PAST AND IN THE PRESENT.
José Otávio Aguiar, UFCG
Ana Maria Monsalve Cuartas, Forestry Engineer, Colombia
This working group is a space for discussions for researchers whose work contributes to the debate on environmental and indigenous issues. From the second half of the 20th century onwards, environmental themes received special attention worldwide, mobilizing and interacting with knowledge. In response to this growing concern, Environmental History has facilitated the meeting of natural and social sciences with objectives focused on building dialogues based on studies of ethnic identity, use and management of natural resources, traditional knowledge and knowledge, among others. The objective of this WG will be to promote dialogues and meetings between researchers dedicated to the study of the relationships between nature, culture, history, spirituality, sacred, cosmovision/nature and indigenous ethnicity from the 16th century to the present day.
TS 10 - INDIGENOUS PROTAGONISM AND INQUISITION IN AMERICA
Angelo Adriano Faria de Assis, UFV, Brazil
Almir Diniz de Carvalho Júnior, UFAM
Indigenous protagonism in the history of Portuguese America seems to have become invisible in most of the records of the colony's authorities and missionaries, at least, so traditional historiography thought. Despite this possible limit, through a more attentive methodology, which involves a dive into the contradictions of the narratives and the descriptions of differences, the new indigenous history has achieved, in recent years, significant advances. These advances were present due to the reading of narrative logics within the very system in which they were produced - considering their representation patterns and the semantic field in which they were inserted. In the case of the records of the Tribunal do Santo Oficio, due to the nature of the source, there is a greater set of indications and information about the actions of the indigenous people, in particular, the Christian Indians. They were scrutinized with a deeper rigor, if we compare with the other records mentioned above. This was because it was necessary to investigate in detail all the suspected cases in search of their heretical character. For this reason, with the help of ethnology and the comparison of other historical sources, inquisitorial records have become, in recent years, sources of enormous wealth as they reveal the significant participation of indigenous populations in the production of history. The work group proposed here seeks to bring together research and reflections on the indigenous protagonism recorded in these inquisitorial sources, which make indigenous agencies more visible, whether in the field of their religious practices, their moral behavior or their political actions.
TS 11 - PROTAGONISM OF INDIGENOUS WOMEN IN THE PAST AND IN THE PRESENT
Juciene Ricarte Apolinário, UFCG
Grace Graúna, UPE
Over more than 500 years of contacts between native people and the western world, indigenous women have suffered different violations and have always resisted and fought against colonizing oppression, as well as in all forms of being subjugated in gender relations. They knew how to weave new webs of resistance to the present day against any type of machismo and Eurocentric patriarchy in villages or urban spaces. In recent decades, indigenous women have been occupying spaces in the field of scientific research, literature, political leadership, among other fronts of indigenous female empowerment, decolonizing nuances to the very concept of feminism in Latin America. Thus, this thematic symposium will be a space for presentations of scientific works and discussions on the place of indigenous women in history, literature, education, politics, law and many other spaces built through their struggles in over 500 years of contacts and post- contacts to the present day.
TS 12 - INDIGENOUS LITERATURES IN THE AMERICAS: MEMORY, HERITAGE AND RESISTANCE
Brigitte Thiérion, Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3/ CREPAL, França
Pascale de Robert, Institut de Recherche et Développement - IRD/Paloc., França
Roberta Guimarães Franco , UFMG
Since the 1980s, we have witnessed an emergence of indigenous literatures in the Americas, this process being one of the axes of a movement of identity affirmation and revitalization of original cultures. Through writing, conceived as a means of education, and thanks to the support of social networks, communities promote the writing and rewriting of their history and myths related to their ethnicities, as a way to transmit knowledge of the tradition to new generations and to strengthen the feeling of belonging. The process has accelerated in recent decades in Brazil. In addition to constituting innovative experiences in their multiplicity of proposals and formats, the productions constitute an important instrument of resistance and self-assertion that is also aimed at non-indigenous people to combat the derogatory historical representations that permeate society until today.
TS 13 - INDIGENOUS PEOPLE AND THE IMPERIAL BRAZILIAN STATE: POLITICAL PROJECTS, COLLECTIVE LANDS AND AUTONOMY.
João Paulo Peixoto Costa, IFPI
Mariana Dantas, UFRPE
Debates around the constitution of the Brazilian imperial state developed intensely in the first half of the 19th century, when disputes between different political groups culminated in armed conflicts; and later turned into partisan clashes when the saquarema project was consolidated. Although much of historiography ignores them, indigenous people were actively involved in disputes between political projects in the most different historical situations. The present thematic symposium aims to provide a space for dialogue between researchers and researchers interested in investigating the strategies built by the indigenous people to stress the limits of the exercise of citizenship and to fray the tutelary practices based on Old Regime relations. Thus, the proposal is to stimulate debate on research concerned with the elaboration by the indigenous people of their own paths to defend the lands of their villages, for the construction of spaces of autonomy and freedom, leading to the reformulation of collective identities and memories.
TS 14 – INDIGENISM AND INDIGENOUS HISTORY: BETWEEN NATIONAL NARRATIVE AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT (XIX AND XXI)
Carlos Benítez Trinidad, HISTAGRA – University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Latin American nation-states inherited after their independence, in the first half of the 19th century, a complex and conflicting “indigenous question”. Reconciling the incorporation of indigenous populations to the ideas that were consolidated in terms of nation, territory and State generated a whole series of debates, divergences and policies that are still latent in the region. The association of indigenous people with the country's most essential symbols and the increasingly pressing “need” to end all “differences” led to a tortuous history that worsened as states tried to integrate all the nation's territories. This thematic symposium aims to analyze and deepen the history of indigenism and indigenous agency in Latin American countries from emancipation to the present.
TS 15 - ETHNIC, ETHNOGENIC AND RESUMPTION EMERGENCIES: INDIGENOUS PEOPLE AND IDENTITY PROCESSES IN THE AMERICAS
Estevão Martins Palitot, UFPB, Brazil
Izabel Missagia de Mattos, UFRRJ, Brazil
Carmen Lucia Silva Lima, UFPI, Brazil
From the 1970s onwards, the indigenous movement took shape in several countries in the Americas. From then on, the indigenous political organization brought a broad agenda of discussions to national states, placing themes such as the recognition of cultural diversity, territorial rights, the environmental issue and legal pluralism on the agenda. These changes are reflected from legal demands for formal recognition of indigenous people and demarcation of territories and reserves, to the revision of constitutional principles in different countries, recognizing the plurinational or multiethnic character of these nations. Underpinning these changes are historical and social processes, which triggered at the most basic levels of the social organization of indigenous people, began to reverse expectations that indigenous people would become increasingly marginalized or assimilated into national societies. On the contrary, indigenous identities have been experiencing decades of powerful growth, signaling large-scale social, symbolic and political transformations, challenging the definitions of imagined national communities based on the demand for political participation with recognition of cultural difference. These processes have received different names: ethnogenesis, ethnic emergence, ethnic resurgence, return and return journeys, configuring themselves as one of the most characteristic faces of contemporary indigenous worlds. In this Symposium (or table) we intend to discuss concrete processes of indigenous ethnic reorganization in the three Americas from historical and anthropological points of view.
TS 16 - INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN AMAZON FRONTIERS: KNOWLEDGE IN DIALOGUES AND RESISTANCE PROCESSES
Taciana de Carvalho Coutinho, NESAM, UFAM
Geise de Góes Canalez , NETNO, NESAM, UFAM
Pedro Henrique Coelho Rapozo, NESAM, PPGICH, UEA
Alto Solimões is a strategic border region between the Brazilian, Peruvian and Colombian Amazons. In Brazil are 26 indigenous lands and 11 ethnic groups that make up a large portion of the population of c ages that make up the Greater Region of Alto Solimões. The vast territorial distribution of indigenous people (in floodplain areas and/or land firms) draws the attention of social and environmental scientists in light of the growth of political and economic conflicts that have emerged in contemporary times, which tends to be a blow to the rights of ethnic groups. The thematic symposium will provide a discussion about the Knowledge and processes of resistance and will contribute to strengthening a collaborative and assertive network at the national and international levels, enabling the development of research focused on socio-environmental and historical issues of Indigenous People.
TS 17 - INDIGENOUS BORDERS IN LATIN AMERICA: SPACES, CULTURES, INTERACTIONS
Angela Doingues, U. Lisbon, Portugal
Nayibe Gutierrez, UPO, Seville, Spain
Pablo Ibañez, CHAM, UNL, Portugal
Borders are the liminal space of a given community and the meeting point between individuals and groups from different origins. This complex nature of borders generates its own dynamics and problems that can only be analyzed based on the strategies and actions of its multiple inhabitants. In this sense, this Thematic Symposium aims to study Latin American borders as spaces of intense social interactions, spaces inhabited in the past by a variety of actors, including colonists, soldiers, missionaries, travelers, slaves of African origin or deserters. And, of course, indigenous populations, who have historically been the major actors on Latin American borders. Borders that may coincide with the limits of empires and republics, but which also admit their own spatialities, which are not always evident in administrative arrangements. This ST therefore intends to reflect on the performance of indigenous populations and other local actors, exploring aspects such as cultural intermediation strategies, linguistic and material exchanges, mechanisms of political and religious imposition, the role of violence, processes of resistance and other related problems to the study of social interactions between groups and individuals across borders. It is also intended to study the connection of borders and their inhabitants with other regions, through aspects such as the formulation and application of colonization policies, economic flows or measures adopted in defense of territorial integrity. Aiming to promote dialogue between specialists from different regions and chronologies, this ST is open to communications on borders located in different geographical and temporal frameworks, from the initial periods of the European conquest to the 21st century.
TS 18 - INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN THE AMERICAS
Márcia Nascimento, UFRJ
Pedro Daniel dos Santos Souza, UNEB
Ana Vilacy Galucio, UFPA/Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi
The theme of this symposium is related to studies on the languages of the native people of the Americas, in a broad and multidisciplinary perspective. The exchange of information between researchers on topics related to indigenous languages in the Americas is extremely important for the development of studies on languages in various areas of knowledge, enabling the creation of a space for interdisciplinary dialogue between linguists, historians, anthropologists and educators. In this direction, this symposium seeks to aggregate research work from various theoretical perspectives and areas of knowledge, with a view to building a collaborative network of interdisciplinary discussions on research that has been developed on indigenous languages in the Americas and that builds reflections on violations, languages as instruments of resistance, conquests and the intensification of the struggles of native people from the 16th century to the present day. The theme of the symposium includes works on linguistic analysis and description, studies on literacy and literacy, bilingualism/multilingualism and teaching in indigenous schools, linguistic policies, contacts and social history of languages, linguistic revitalization and recovery, among others. Given the rich linguistic diversity in the region and also the vulnerable situation of a high percentage of these languages, the discussion of these issues is both current and necessary.
TS 19 - PRESENTATION OF RESULTS OF PEDAGOGICAL PROJECTS IN INDIGENOUS AND NON-INDIGENOUS SCHOOLS AND EXTENSION PROJECTS ON THEMES OF ORIGINARY PEOPLE IN BRAZIL AND AMERICA
Lana C. Gomes de Araújo, UFPE, Brazil
Gláucia de Souza Freire, UFPE, Brazil
This Thematic Symposium aims to be a space for the presentation of teachers from public and private schools who develop pedagogical projects on the indigenous theme, indigenous teachers who develop pedagogical projects in indigenous schools and results of university extension projects that propose the indigenous theme as the different PETs (Tutorial Education Program of the Brazilian Federal Government to stimulate research, teaching and university extension activities at the undergraduate level). Activities carried out throughout the year or in special weeks that contribute to the appreciation and highlights of memory, history, cultural, economic, environmental, health, educational practices and that can also address the struggles and rights of contemporary indigenous people. We understand that undergraduate courses in the different areas of history, Portuguese language, geography, biology, mathematics, among others, need to adapt and collaborate with the implementation of Law 11,645, granted on March 10, 2008, which makes the teaching of history and indigenous culture in Brazilian schools in an interdisciplinary and intercultural way. On the other hand, this symposium will bring experiences from indigenous schools that develop educational projects that promote the reaffirmation and strengthening of intercultural, differentiated and bilingual ethnic identities.